What is the main ingredient in most hair relaxers?

The main ingredient in most hair relaxers is sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide, commonly referred to as lye, is a powerful alkaline compound that alters the structure of the hair. When applied, it breaks down the protein bonds in the hair's cortex, allowing for a reduction of curls or waves and resulting in a straighter texture. The effectiveness of sodium hydroxide in hair relaxers is largely due to its ability to penetrate the hair shaft and soften it, making it more malleable for styling.

While other substances like calcium carbonate, lye (which is another name for sodium hydroxide), and potassium hydroxide can also be found in hair processing products, sodium hydroxide is the most prevalent active ingredient specifically used for chemical hair relaxing treatments. It’s essential to have a clear understanding of these components when working in a barbering context, as they relate to the safety and effectiveness of the products used on clients.